<doi_batch xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.crossref.org/schema/5.3.1" xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.crossref.org/schema/5.3.1 https://www.crossref.org/schemas/crossref5.3.1.xsd" version="5.3.1"><head><doi_batch_id>episciences.org_16373_20260518222042654</doi_batch_id><timestamp>20260518222042654</timestamp><depositor><depositor_name>episciences.org</depositor_name><email_address>raphael.tournoy+crossrefapi@ccsd.cnrs.fr</email_address></depositor><registrant>episciences.org</registrant></head><body><journal><journal_metadata language="en"><full_title>Open Plasma Science</full_title><issn media_type="electronic">3076-1468</issn><doi_data><doi>10.46298/journals/ops</doi><resource>http://ops.episciences.org</resource></doi_data></journal_metadata><journal_issue><publication_date media_type="online"><month>01</month><day>19</day><year>2026</year></publication_date><journal_volume><volume>ICPIG 2025</volume></journal_volume></journal_issue><journal_article publication_type="full_text"><titles><title>Numerical simulations of a RF-RF hybrid plasma torch with argon at atmospheric pressure</title></titles><contributors><person_name sequence="first" contributor_role="author"><given_name>Loann</given_name><surname>Terraz</surname></person_name><person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"><given_name>Biruk</given_name><surname>Alemu</surname></person_name><person_name sequence="additional" contributor_role="author"><given_name>Santiago</given_name><surname>Eizaguirre</surname></person_name></contributors><jats:abstract><jats:p>We report numerical results regarding the minimum sustaining coil excitation current for a RF-RF hybrid torch operating at two different frequencies. The first coil is excited at a high-frequency, while the second coil is set at a medium frequency. The filling gas is argon, at atmospheric pressure. We use the modeling software COMSOL Multiphysics to describe the evolution of key parameters when: (i) the distance between the two coils changes, (ii) the power of the high frequency coil changes. We discuss the radial temperature profiles, the axial velocities and the heat convected at the end of the medium-frequency coil. The latter is compared with the total heat conduction to the plasma confinement tube wall.</jats:p></jats:abstract><publication_date media_type="online"><month>01</month><day>19</day><year>2026</year></publication_date><acceptance_date media_type="online"><month>01</month><day>06</day><year>2026</year></acceptance_date><publisher_item><item_number item_number_type="article_number">16373</item_number></publisher_item><program xmlns="http://www.crossref.org/AccessIndicators.xsd" name="AccessIndicators"><free_to_read start_date="2026-01-19"/><license_ref applies_to="am" start_date="2026-01-19">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</license_ref><license_ref applies_to="vor" start_date="2026-01-19">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</license_ref><license_ref applies_to="tdm" start_date="2026-01-19">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</license_ref></program><program xmlns="http://www.crossref.org/relations.xsd"><related_item><intra_work_relation identifier-type="arxiv" relationship-type="isSameAs">arXiv:2508.13858</intra_work_relation></related_item><related_item><intra_work_relation identifier-type="doi" relationship-type="isSameAs">10.48550/arXiv.2508.13858</intra_work_relation></related_item><related_item><intra_work_relation identifier-type="uri" relationship-type="hasPreprint">https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13858v3</intra_work_relation></related_item><related_item><intra_work_relation identifier-type="uri" relationship-type="hasPreprint">https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13858v1</intra_work_relation></related_item></program><doi_data><doi>10.46298/ops.16373</doi><resource>http://ops.episciences.org/16373</resource><collection property="crawler-based"><item crawler="iParadigms"><resource>https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.13858v5</resource></item></collection><collection property="text-mining"><item><resource mime_type="application/pdf">https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.13858v5</resource></item></collection></doi_data></journal_article></journal></body></doi_batch>